Ramallah, November 26, 2024—Israeli armed forces have forced Palestinian children to act as human shields during the siege on Jabalia refugee camp in north Gaza, placing them directly in harm’s way amid live fire and tank shelling.
During a series of military operations in the Jabalia refugee camp, the Israeli military forced Palestinian children and their families to stand in front of tanks and military vehicles as soldiers fired on civilian areas in multiple incidents during October, according to documentation collected by Defense for Children International - Palestine. On October 15, Israeli tanks surrounded the camp, firing indiscriminately and severely injuring several Palestinian civilians. In multiple documented cases, including on October 15, 17, and 20, Israeli soldiers detained Palestinian children as young as six years old, using them and other Palestinian civilians to shield advancing military forces. These tactics not only endanger the lives of children but constitute an egregious violation of international humanitarian law.
“Israeli forces’ use of Palestinian children as human shields is a deliberate and unlawful act, one that places children’s lives in extreme danger and causes unimaginable trauma,” said Ayed Abu Eqtaish, accountability program director at DCIP. “This practice is a clear war crime, demonstrating a blatant disregard for international law and underscoring a pattern of impunity that has cost Palestinian children their safety, dignity, and in many cases, their lives.”
On October 15, Israeli forces launched an assault on Jabalia refugee camp, where Mohammad Al-Za’anin, his wife, and three children, aged six, four, and two, had been sheltering in a relative’s home. At approximately 9 a.m., Israeli tanks surrounding the Tal Al-Zaatar neighborhood began firing shells indiscriminately, severely injuring Mohammad’s wife. Mohammad attempted to flee with his children, raising a white flag and moving towards Gaza City. However, Israeli soldiers intercepted the family, detaining them with several others and positioning them in front of a tank that continued to fire shells over their heads. Mohammad and his children were held in this position for over five hours, with soldiers ignoring his pleas to protect his terrified children. After hours of intense fear, Israeli forces ordered the family to abandon their belongings and walk south.
On October 17, Israeli tanks again encircled the Jabalia refugee camp’s Tal Al-Zaatar area, where Islam Fayyad, his wife, and their three children, aged six, four, and eight months, were living. As Israeli forces closed in, Islam’s wife raised a white flag and attempted to flee with the children. When they neared a checkpoint, Israeli soldiers ordered them via loudspeakers to discard their belongings into a pit and approach the tanks. Israeli forces then separated the men from the women and children, holding Islam’s wife and children in front of military vehicles for two hours while shells and bullets flew overhead. Fayyad’s six-year-old daughter, Marwa, pleaded with her mother, “We are going to die, Mom,” as soldiers continued firing, undeterred by the children’s visible terror.
A third incident occurred on October 20, when Israeli forces bombed homes near the residence of Mahmoud Nasser and his family in Jabalia. Mahmoud, his wife, and their three children, including a newborn, raised a white flag and attempted to escape with dozens of other families. Soldiers detained them, ordering men, women, children, and elderly civilians to walk in front of advancing military vehicles, which were shelling nearby buildings. The Nasser family, along with other displaced families, was forced to walk in front of a bulldozer and a tank that directed fire toward the Indonesian Hospital. This lasted for over half an hour before the families were taken to a high point overlooking Jabalia camp, where they were held as human shields for an additional hour and a half before being released.
The recent siege on northern Gaza is part of a broader pattern of escalated violence and collective punishment targeting civilians. Over the past few months, relentless military operations in northern Gaza, including heavy bombardments, have resulted in widespread destruction, displacement, and civilian casualties. The siege has exacerbated starvation and turned overcrowded shelters into disease-ridden areas where families are forced to live without access to adequate food, clean water, or medical care.
Since 2000, DCIP has documented dozens of cases of Palestinian children used as human shields by the Israeli military in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Since the Israeli military began its genocidal assault on Gaza on October 7, 2023, Israeli forces have used many Palestinian children as human shields during ground operations, and the full extent is unknown given the limited capacity of human rights organizations to document cases safely.
The use of children as human shields is a blatant violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention, Additional Protocol 1 of the Geneva Conventions, and a war crime under international criminal law which prohibits putting civilians at risk in armed conflict, particularly in situations where they may suffer physical harm or psychological terror. Deliberately positioning children in front of armed vehicles to deter resistance or shield military forces is an appalling violation of international humanitarian, criminal, and human rights law.
Despite clear international prohibitions, Israeli forces have repeatedly used Palestinian children as human shields in military operations across the occupied Palestinian territory, perpetuating a cycle of trauma and violence for which there has been no accountability. DCIP’s documentation reveals a consistent pattern in which Israeli forces act with impunity, knowing they are unlikely to face any repercussions or consequences for their systematic abuse of Palestinian children.
